Genital warts are primarily spread through direct skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity. This includes vaginal, anal, and oral sex. HPV, the virus responsible for genital warts, can be passed even when an infected person shows no visible signs or symptoms.

Most people with genital warts don't experience any symptoms. However, some may notice itching, discomfort, or tenderness in the affected area. The warts themselves are typically painless, but in some cases, they may bleed or cause irritation during sexual activity.

In some cases, genital warts may go away on their own as the body's immune system fights off the infection. However, this can take time, and the warts might reappear. It's important to seek treatment if the warts persist, spread, or cause discomfort.

Genital warts can be treated with topical creams, cryotherapy (freezing), or surgical removal. Treatment depends on the size and number of warts. A consultation with a specialist helps determine the best option for you.

Genital warts can be prevented by avoiding direct skin-to-skin contact with an infected person. The HPV vaccine is a preventive measure, especially if taken before any sexual activity, as it protects against some strains of HPV that cause genital warts and other HPV-related cancers. Consistent use of condoms can also lower the risk of transmission but doesn't eliminate it completely.

While genital warts themselves don't cause cancer, certain types of HPV are linked to an increased risk of cervical, anal, and throat cancers. The HPV strains that cause genital warts are typically low-risk and don't cause cancer, but it's still important to get regular screenings, such as Pap smears for women, to detect any changes caused by high-risk HPV types. If you have further concerns or need personalized treatment, a consultation with a gynecologist like Dr. Nisha at Cosmocare Medical Center will help guide you through the necessary steps for diagnosis and care.